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"Therefore let it be known to you that this salvation of God has been sent to the Gentiles; they will listen." — Acts 28:28
The circumstances of Paul's voyage to Rome are far different from any of his other voyages. In his previous voyages, he was a free man, but this time he is a prisoner to the Romans. However, his circumstances don't change his actions. In the last chapter of Acts, on the island of Malta, we see Paul remain calm and steadfast. He continues to trust the Lord and is not shaken by the snake bite he receives. If the Lord promised him he would go to Rome, why would he die of a snake bite? This is the faith that cast out all fear.
Although the natives of Malta call him a god, Paul simply made himself ready and available for the Lord to work through him. After 3 months on Malta, they set sail for Rome. Upon arrival, after settling into his single guarded room, Paul calls the leaders of the Jews together and discovers that his story is not known here. The word of his arrest has not traveled before him. Intrigued by the details, they set up a time to hear him speak. Many come to hear Paul continue to testify to the Kingdom of God. As he points to the prophets and the law of Moses, is he able to convince them about Jesus? Is there anything that could hinder Paul from his purpose? Is there anything that could keep the Gospel of Jesus Christ from being heard?
How do you think the people of Malta understood justice, given the way they viewed Paul? How do some people even in today’s society tend to view tragic events or unfortunate circumstances? Who is blamed?
How did the Holy Spirit display His power through Paul?
In what ways did God show favor and blessings over Paul in spite of all of the hardships he endured? Can you see God’s favor in your life when you’ve walked through difficult times?
If you need a quick synopsis of the events in the previous chapter, keep scrolling.
The crew sets sail to Italy.
In verse 3 we see that Paul, though a prisoner, is granted leave to see his friends.
The voyage across the open seas becomes increasingly dangerous.
Paul warns the men, but they do not listen.
A tempestuous wind forces them to be "driven along" and go where the wind takes them.
All hope to be saved is abandoned and the crew is desperate.
An angel of the Lord visits Paul and tells him not to be afraid and to take heart.
At daybreak, they see a beach that would make a good place to run the ship ashore.
The crew and prisoners stay in the ship until it hits a reef, they jump ship and eventually come ashore, where they are safe on land.
"Therefore let it be known to you that this salvation of God has been sent to the Gentiles; they will listen." — Acts 28:28
We left off our study in Chapter 26 a couple weeks ago with Paul attending his hearing before King Agrippa and Festus. And now we are setting sail to Rome!
Paul issues a warning early on in the chapter and for a very good reason! This is not the time to set sail! The waters are treacherous and the storms are sudden. We see these professional sailors try all the tricks in the book, and eventually, they lose hope. They are desperate. They have come to the end of trying to save themselves and are in despair. It is at this moment that Paul can speak and they have ears to truly hear. He tells them that the Angel of the God he belongs to, whom he worships, has declared, "Take heart, for there will be no loss of life among you." Do the passengers have faith to believe that what God says will come to be? Despite the rough seas, the soldiers and sailors and Paul's company are encouraged to remain in the boat. They break their fast, have a meal together, and prepare for the journey ahead. It is a tumultuous trip across the Adriatic Sea, that ends with a collision in a reef. And yet, we are still far from Rome! However, we only have ONE chapter left! How will we make it?
How did God reassure Paul that they would survive the storm and shipwreck? How does Paul reassure the crew?
Has God given you a promise or assurance in the midst of a stormy season in your life? If so, has it been fulfilled yet?
Sometimes we have to cut the ropes and release what we think will save us or give us security so we can depend fully on God to be our provider and Savior. Mediate on verse 32 and journal or share with someone else what you have had to cut loose in your life in order to focus more fully on God.
Paul stands before King Agrippa and makes his defense for all the accusations against him.
Paul tells of his conversion, and within his story, shares the gospel of Jesus Christ.
Festus interrupts Paul and claims he is out of his mind and speaking gibberish.
Paul turns to King Agrippa and asks, "Do you believe?"
King Agrippa is not persuaded, but he does say that this man could be set free if he had not already appealed to Caesar.
Paul is headed to Rome...
"The following night the Lord stood by him and said, 'Take courage, for as you have testified to the facts about me in Jerusalem, so you must testify also in Rome.'” — Acts 23:11
Chapter 26 opens up with Paul given permission to speak before Agrippa, a king familiar with Jewish law and tradition. Happy to have this chance, Paul begs to be listened to with patience and then proceeds to tell the whole story of why he is on trial—including his conversion story. I love that he approaches this opportunity before King Agrippa with the purpose of sharing the Gospel of Jesus through the telling of his own story. How can anyone argue with your own experience? Again, we see Paul focused on the purpose he's been called to: the Gospel going forth, rather that on a personal defense leading to his own release and comfort. Paul's focus is consistently on Jesus and the hope of the resurrection.
So, with Paul's moving testimony, is King Agrippa persuaded to become a Christ follower? Please take time to read the end—don't walk out at intermission—you gotta read the finale! And when you are done, pack your bags for the Mediterranean cruise we are getting ready to embark on (hint: it's not exactly a luxury cruise).
Why did Paul not want to return to Jerusalem for another trial, choosing to go to Rome instead?
Consider how Paul makes the most of his imprisonment and trials. Instead of complaining about your present situation, are you able to look for every opportunity to serve God and share Him with others?
Referencing verse 16 and the legal rights Paul had as a Roman citizen, what was the benefit of being able to give his defense in a formal court proceeding?
Festus arrived on the scene as the Governor and ordered Paul to be brought.
The Chief priests and important men of the Jews go to Caesarea to bring the charges against Paul.
The Jews surround Paul and bring serious charges against him.
In his defense, Paul responds that he has committed no offense against the laws, the temple, or Caesar.
Paul appeals to Caesar and also has a chance to speak to King Agrippa.
Festus agrees that Paul had done nothing to deserve death, but the Jews thought otherwise.
Festus asks King Agrippa to hear Paul and help him decide what to write to the Emperor in regard to the charges against Paul.
"The following night the Lord stood by him and said, 'Take courage, for as you have testified to the facts about me in Jerusalem, so you must testify also in Rome.'” — Acts 23:11
TWO YEARS have passed, and Paul is STILL in prison. The Jews are temporarily appeased. All is quiet...until suddenly, Festus is in charge and he is not messing around. Only three days after being in charge, he brings Paul to trial. Surrounded by Jews and in the presence of Festus, Paul continues to declare that there is no valid charge against him and that he wants to appeal to Caesar—the one and only Nero!
Before Paul is sent to Nero, though, King Agrippa visits Festus and hears of this Jewish drama. He is intrigued and asks to speak directly to Paul, so Festus sets up the meeting—this was the latest TV drama of the time. Festus presents Paul to Agrippa and declares that he finds nothing to indicate a charge against him. What does Paul have to say about all this? His response is in Chapter 26, so stay tuned for next week's episode!
Why did Paul not want to return to Jerusalem for another trial? Why was going to Rome so important to Paul?
Referencing verse 16 and the legal rights Paul had as a Roman citizen, what was the benefit of being able to give his defense in a formal court proceeding?
How did Paul make the most of his imprisonment and trials? Rather than grumble about your situation, do you look for ways to use each opportunity to serve and share God with others?
Paul speaks before the council in the presence of the Roman tribune who desired to know the real reason for his arrest.
Immediately, the High Priest doesn't like the statement Paul makes and conflict arises.
Paul notes the mixed party of Sadducees and Pharisees and sees the open door that would take the attention off of himself. He speaks of the resurrection and hope as the reason he is on trial and chaos erupts.
The tribune whisks Paul away for fear of his safety.
The Jews devise a plot to kill Paul and the information is leaked.
Paul is sent to Felix, the governor, while he waits for his accusers to arrive and his hearing.
"The following night the Lord stood by him and said, 'Take courage, for as you have testified to the facts about me in Jerusalem, so you must testify also in Rome.'” — Acts 23:11
The drama that Luke narrates continues as Ananias, the high priest, and a spokesman (lawyer) claim that Paul is a plague to the Jews around the world and that he profaned the temple. Addressing the governor cheerfully, Paul presents his rebuttal to this statement with the truth. He confesses that according to the Way, he worships God, believes in the law and the prophets, and knows that there will be a resurrection of the just and unjust. He clarifies the real reason, with respect to the resurrection of the dead, that he is on trial.
Felix delays the final judgment of Paul's case and places him in custody with limited freedoms. We see here that Paul doesn't waste time in prison, and that his delayed justice is God's sovereignty. If Felix knew Paul was innocent, why did he really keep Paul in prison? You will have to read to the very end for this one! The conundrum of rulers who keep one eye on public opinion and one eye on justice is at play.
What three points does Paul use to defend himself against the false accusations of the Jewish leaders in Felix’s court? How are these accusations similar to those made against Jesus before Pilate in Luke 23:2, 3, 14?
What happened with Felix when Paul spoke about righteousness, self-control, and the coming judgment? Why do you think he reacted this way? How did his reaction prevent him from receiving the good news of the Gospel?
Why do you think many people turn away from the Gospel once it gets personal with regard to sin, self-control, and God’s judgment?
Paul stands before the council and declares, “Brothers, I have lived my life before God in all good conscience up to this day.”
He lays out his defense and the Council is appalled at his rebuke to them.
Paul declares the real reason he is on trial. "It is with respect to the hope and the resurrection of the dead that I am on trial." Chaos Erupts.
Roman guards remove Paul from the chaos and place him in the barracks where Jesus meets and encourages him.
Some Jews make a rash oath to not eat or drink till they kill Paul and devise a plot for his murder.
Paul's nephew hears of the plot and reveals it to the tribune.
Paul is sent to Felix, the Governor, where he waited in Herod's praetorium until his accusers arrive for further trial.
"The following night the Lord stood by him and said, 'Take courage, for as you have testified to the facts about me in Jerusalem, so you must testify also in Rome.'” — Acts 23:11
Well, the Jews have had it with Paul! So much so, that they are now relying on the Romans to arrest him! The Romans don't really see a reason for this arrest, and seek to understand.
As Chapter 23 opens, Paul stands before the Jewish council (the chief priest and leaders) to explain the bad blood between him and the Jewish leaders and offer a defense. But as soon as he opens his mouth, they attempt to close it. Seeing the closed door in front of him, he creatively drops a one-line statement (in verse 6) which causes the Jewish council to turn on themselves. As the dissension among them turns violent, the Romans realize that Paul is in grave danger and take him to the barracks. DON'T miss how the Lord meets Paul in those barracks!
Suddenly, a plot to kill Paul is revealed by an unlikely source and God shows up—four hundred seventy soldiers are used by God to exaggerate His faithfulness and protection (way more than enough)!
We're nearing the end of Acts...you don't want to miss this chapter!
Compare and contrast Jesus’ interaction with the high priest in John 18:19-24 with Paul’s interaction with the council in Acts 23:1-5.
How does Paul shift his defense in verse 6? How does Paul try to identify with some of the members of the council?
Ananias gave a command that violated Jewish law by assuming Paul was guilty before he had been tried (verse 2). Paul commented in verses 3 and 5 that he didn’t recognize that Ananias was the high priest. What subtle message do you think Paul was sending to Ananias and those who witnessed his behavior?
Paul asks to speak to the crowd in Hebrew, and a great hush falls over everyone when they hear their native language.
Paul shares his testimony to a Jewish audience and confesses that his job now is to guard the gospel and not the garments of Stephen.
Acts 22:14 is a wonderful capsule of the duty of everyone before God: To know His will, to see the Just One (Jesus), and to hear the voice of His mouth (His word).
When the Jews heard him speak what the Lord said, "Go, for I will send you to the Gentiles," they raised their voices and yelled, "Away with this man!"
The tribune decides to examine Paul by flogging, but before he begins, Paul asks if it is lawful to flog an uncondemned Roman citizen (hint: it is not).
Immediately, the treatment Paul receives from the Roman soldiers changes because he is a Roman citizen by birth.
"But I do not account my life of any value nor as precious to myself, if only I may finish my course and the ministry that I received from the Lord Jesus, to testify to the gospel of the grace of God." — Acts 20:24
During the voyage across the Mediterranean Sea, many tried to warn Paul not to go to Jerusalem. But he couldn't be persuaded by others—he was ready to die for the name of Jesus and for the will of the Lord to be done. So, despite the warnings Paul received, he pressed on in obedience to what the Spirit said.
Once he finally arrives in Jerusalem, Paul is ceased, dragged from the temple and quickly bound with chains, and arrested (Agabus was right!). Just as we think the chaos has reached the max, there was a great hush and Paul begins to address the crowd in Hebrew!
Paul has an uncanny way of connecting with crowds—be it with the Athenians about their "unknown God" in chapter 17 or here among the Jews where he retells for the third time his conversion story on the way to Damascus. Stressing very clearly that God had chosen him to preach and teach the words of the Righteous one, Jesus. The Jewish crowd listened until they reached a breaking point and amidst more mob chaos, the Tribune ordered Paul to be placed in the barracks and further examined. Just as he was about to be flogged by a Roman guard, Paul pulls out the Roman Citizen card and asks if it is lawful to flog an uncondemned citizen. It's plenty of excitement for one day, and as the chapter comes to a close, we see that the Tribune truly wants to understand the purpose for which the Jews are accusing him.
Chapter twenty-One
Paul and Jesus both knew when their time to die was approaching, as revealed by the Holy Spirit. Compare Paul’s reaction in Acts 21:12-14 with Jesus' in Matthew 16:21-23 and John 13:36-38.
Does your desire to please God overshadow your desire to avoid pain and hardship? Like Paul, do you think you could trustingly move toward an experience of persecution, pain, and suffering?
Chapter twenty-two
In verse 18, Jesus warned Paul in a vision that the people of Jerusalem would reject His testimony. Jesus was also rejected in Jerusalem. Reflect on Jesus’ lament for the people of Jerusalem in Matthew 23:37. Why was Jesus so upset about this city?
In verse 3, Paul makes his appeal to the Jews. How does he appeal to the Romans in verses 24-29? Explain how Paul’s citizenship and nationality work together to help the spread of the Gospel.
"But I do not account my life of any value nor as precious to myself, if only I may finish my course and the ministry that I received from the Lord Jesus, to testify to the gospel of the grace of God." — Acts 20:24
Acts 19 closed with quite a riot, but once everyone had calmed down a bit, Paul encouraged the disciples in Ephesus and said goodbye. He continues his encouragement as he travels into Macedonia, re-visiting a few faithful cities with a number of followers. In Troas, Luke tells us of another miracle as we meet a young boy named Eutychus—you don't want to fall asleep and miss that story!
In the second half of the chapter, Paul continues on his journey, visiting many places. In Miletus, Paul calls for the church leaders in Ephesus and casts for them a vision of leadership. The charge that he gives is not just for the elders of the church but for all who believe in the Lord Jesus Christ. He warns us not to shrink away from the whole counsel of God and to be alert and ready for the enemy to draw us away from the truth. After he shares these things, he takes off running!
Ok, just kidding! Read for yourself to find out how Paul says a final goodbye to the elders of Ephesus.
In what ways did Paul constantly encourage the believers in every city he visited?
In verses 19–27, Paul reflects on his kingdom work for the Lord. Which character traits do you most admire in Paul?
Paul sensed in his spirit that he would not see the Ephesian believers again before his death. How can you apply Paul's final words of wisdom to the Ephesian believers and elders in your life?
Now in Ephesus (the intellectual capital of the world), Paul connects with some disciples and inquires if they received the Holy Spirit upon baptism. He explains how this differs from John's baptism. They pray and he lays hands on them, receiving the Holy Spirit.
Paul reasons and preaches first at the synagogue and then at the school, persuading both Jews and Greeks about the kingdom of God until all had heard.
Traveling Jewish exorcists try to imitate Paul and cast out evil spirits. Truth comes to light and fear fell upon them all. Many more came to confess and the Word of the Lord increased with might.
A riot of great magnitude breaks out in Ephesus because a silversmith who is losing money (his man-made idols are not selling as well) stirs up chaos and declares Pauls's message dangerous (gods made with hands are not gods). Ultimately, Paul's message is perceived as disrespectful to the goddess Diana (Artemis).
The town clerk quiets the crowd, insisting that problems be brought before the proconsul before Rome charges them for rioting.
"But I do not account my life of any value nor as precious to myself, if only I may finish my course and the ministry that I received from the Lord Jesus, to testify to the gospel of the grace of God." — Acts 20:24
The journey begins as Paul passes through the inland country and arrives in Ephesus. God is working mightily in Ephesus and so is Satan. Extraordinary miracles meet Jewish exorcists. The spiritual battle that Paul talks about in Ephesians 6 makes so much more sense after we read this chapter! It is no wonder that we need to put on the full armor of God!
We watch as the preaching of the Word causes protests and quite a disturbance among the people. Paul turns away a great many people (you will have to read for yourself to find out why) and eventually, the town clerk must quiet the crowd before they are charged with rioting. This chapter is full of historical idol-worshiping and mob mentality, all of which are not that far away from our experiences today.
Comparing John’s baptism with the baptism of the Holy Spirit, why was it necessary for the believers that Paul met in Ephesus to be baptized with the Holy Spirit? What happens if we only repent from our sins but don’t allow ourselves to be filled with the Holy Spirit? What happens if we ignore His promptings and the work He wants to do in and through us?
Why did the group of Jews that tried to use Jesus’ name to cast out evil spirits from a man end up getting attacked and fail in their mission in verses 11-20? What was the impact of this incident on others who heard about it?
Due to the sale of idols, the Gospel message was a threat to the profitability of many businesses. If we decide to turn away from worldliness and live by the Gospel truth, in what ways would the prosperity of certain industries be threatened?
This week, instead of a bullet point summary of chapter 18, take a look at what Arlee Pearlswig noted as she read:
"Something that has really stood out to me while reading through Acts is that Paul and other preachers of the gospel aren't stating the Truth and expecting people to just accept it blindly—they're taking the time to reason with them (v. 4, 19), pull them aside and explain things to them accurately (v. 26), and use the Scriptures to demonstrate Truth and refute anything straying from it (v. 28). Paul sets up a solid example of how to approach people with logic and reason. He does not ask the Jews and the Greeks around him to simply accept his words; through the Holy Spirit and through devoting himself to the word (v. 5), Paul offers his audiences sound proof that Jesus is the Christ. Our God is not a God of chaos nor confusion; He is Reason. He is Logic. This is why engaging critically in God's Word is so very important. God has given us His Word and His Holy Spirit to explain and demonstrate the gospel. "
“...they should seek God, and perhaps feel their way toward him and find him. Yet he is actually not far from each one of us, for ‘In him, we live and move and have our being’; as even some of your own poets have said, ‘For we are indeed his offspring.’ '” — Acts 17:27-28
We are close to the end of our second missionary j0urney with Paul. Are you getting to know him and the author of Acts, Luke, quite well? Chapter 18 opens up with Paul leaving Athens and arriving in Corinth. He meets Pricilla and Aquila and continues to work with them as a tentmaker. However, every Saturday he reasoned in the synagogues persuading both Jews and Greeks that Jesus was the Christ! We see how Paul handles conflict in this chapter, and we also can stand amazed at what happens when the synagogue ruler believes. Paul presses on with the message and the gospel continues to go forward. It is not an easy journey, but God is gracious to give Paul a vision and protection. He is encouraged to not be afraid and to keep speaking. His time before the tribunal in the middle of this chapter mirrors Jesus' time before Pilate. Despite the road blocks, Paul continues to circle back, going from place to place to follow up, teach, and strengthen the disciples. At the end of the chapter, we meet a Jew named Apollos and note that the work of growing the church was not just Paul's, the Lord used many.
Read Matthew 10:5-12, noting the instructions that Jesus gives as he sends out the twelve Apostles. How does Paul apply these instructions as he journeyed from city to city teaching the Good News? Which one(s) do not apply to Paul’s ministry?
Why do you think the Lord reassured Paul through a vision? Would you have been close to giving up because of the persecution and rejection, or would you have been energized by the new believers that were accepting Christ in each city?
Why did Paul shave his head in verse 18 according to Jewish custom if Christian believers were no longer bound by the Jewish laws because of the new Covenant (grace through faith)? Some cross-references are Acts 21:23-24, Numbers 6:1-21 and 1 Corinthians 9:19-23.
As they arrive in Thessalonnica, Paul spends days in the synagogues proving that it was necessary for Christ to suffer and rise from the dead. Devout Greeks and leading women come to a saving knowledge of Jesus.
The Jews are jealous and some who declare that the world has been turned upside down, form a mob and seek out Paul and Silas
Paul and Silas (in an underground railroad rescue) head to Berea.
Paul spends time in with the Bereans, encouraged by their eagerness and examination of the Scriptures. The Jews in Thessalonnica are irritated by Paul's proclamation of the gospel and come to Berea to stir up the crowds.
Paul departs from the city quickly, leaving Silas and Timothy, and travels on to Athens.
As Paul walks through the marketplace, and listens to the stoics and the philosophers, he perceives and observes the objects of their worship and encourages them to worship a God not made by human hands, but one who lives in the temple of man.
In Athens, some men mocked Paul and others believed and joined him in faith.
“...they should seek God, and perhaps feel their way toward him and find him. Yet he is actually not far from each one of us, for ‘In him, we live and move and have our being’; as even some of your own poets have said, ‘For we are indeed his offspring.’ '” — Acts 17:27-28
Our journey continues this week. Are you growing weary in your reading? At the end of chapter 16, Paul and Silas walked out of prison and pressed on for another 100 miles (3 days walk) for the purpose of spreading the message of the Gospel. They are certainly not appearing weary, so keep reading and do not give up! Whether it is in the synagogues, marketplaces, or the city square, Paul reasons, explains, and proves Christ's crucifixion and resurrection. The audience changes, but not the message. In this chapter, we see who comes to believe and how words from a jealous fit of rage can encourage the Church. The truth is turning the world upside down — or is it right side up? Paul's sermon at the end of chapter 17 as he stands in the midst of the Areopagus is a great example of how Paul adjusts the message to suit his audience without compromising the Gospel. In reading chapter 17, I hope we are moved to pray for all who are seeking and reaching for God. May they truly come to know that He is not far from us and that it is only in Him that we live and move.
The people of Thessalonica, Berea, and Athens each responded differently to Paul’s teaching. Take a look at the responses and the results.
Paul is provoked to speak to the high council in Athens in regard to idol worshiping prevalent in their city. What can we learn from the way he connects with them?
Paul explains God’s larger purpose to the council in verses 27-29, how does this provide hope for anyone seeking God?
Timothy joins Paul and is circumcised for the purpose of the message to not be a stumbling block to the Jews.
We see the Gospel go west and not east, as Paul is forbidden by the Spirit to speak Asia.
Paul called out a spirit of divination in a young girl who earned money for her family. This upset the family, and city officials and the crowds attack and beat on Paul and Silas until they are thrown into jail
At midnight, while Paul and Silas were praying and singing hymns to God, there was a great earthquake that shook the prison foundations.
When the Jailoris afraid, Paul declares that the jailor must believe in the Lord Jesus Christ and be saved and they did -- The entire household!
Paul publicly walks out of prison and the magistrates apologize for unfairly treating Roman citizens this way.
Of course, after they walk out of Prison they return to Lydia, encouraged again at the miracles that the Lord has done.
“...they should seek God, and perhaps feel their way toward him and find him. Yet he is actually not far from each one of us, for ‘In him, we live and move and have our being’; as even some of your own poets have said, ‘For we are indeed his offspring.’ '” — Acts 17:27-28
Here we go again! Seriously, I can't make these things up. This chapter is full of excitement, evidence of the Holy Spirit moving, determination, and courage. Read it with an open heart, asking the Holy Spirit to increase your faith and destroy your disbelief. Packed into this chapter, we see Paul forbidden by the Holy Spirit to travel where he wanted to go, visions, casting out spirits, beatings, jail time, earthquakes, and many converts to the faith! At the beginning of the chapter, we see the determination of a Greek named Timothy. He chooses circumcision instead of being a stumbling block to the Jews and a hindrance to the message of the gospel as well as the decisions that were made at the Council of Jerusalem (Chapter 15).
The big questions I think we should all be asking ourselves as we read this chapter in awe are:
Are we circumcising our own desires and serving the Lord with pure hearts?
What are we doing today (or what are we NOT doing) that is hindering the spread of the Gospel?
In chapter 15, we read that the council ruled believers did not need to be circumcised. Why then did Paul have Timothy circumcised? How did this action impact the ministry?
The Holy Spirit prevented them from teaching the word in the province of Asia and in Bithynia. Why was that, and what was Paul's response? Consider a time when the Holy Spirit led you or prevented you from doing what you desired. Did you respond like Paul?
We see two different accounts of a woman and a man’s salvation, followed by their hospitality. Compare and contrast Lydia’s story with that of the jailer. Why do you think that their households are mentioned in both stories?
Chapter 15 is a significant chapter in the book of Acts, specifically in regard to the narrative of the Gentiles—including most of us!
The question was laid out on the table: Unless you are circumcised according to the covenant of Moses, can you be saved
The church in Jerusalem, apostles, elders, and some believers who were among the party of the Pharisees debated the question
Peter speaks up and very plainly declares, again, God, who knows the heart, bore witness to everyone who believes and has been given the Holy Spirit, and he has cleansed their hearts BY FAITH, not by circumcision or any other ritual
Peter asks also, why are we putting a "yoke" of rules in place that our fathers couldn't keep and we can't even keep
Confirmation that the Gentiles should not be troubled in regards to their salvation through the signs and wonders that God has done as well as the words of the prophets and the testimonies of His grace
A letter is written to the Gentiles, encouraging them in their faith and giving them specific requirements that address the common temptations of their day of idol worshiping and sexual immorality, not circumcision
Paul desires to return to every city he has already visited in order to see how they are growing. Barnabas wants to take John Mark, but Paul disagrees and Paul and Silas begin the Second Missionary Journey.
“...they should seek God, and perhaps feel their way toward him and find him. Yet he is actually not far from each one of us, for ‘In him, we live and move and have our being’; as even some of your own poets have said, ‘For we are indeed his offspring.’ '” — Acts 17:27-28
Chapter 15 is another turning point in this narrative of Acts. There are some Jews who are inquiring about circumcision. While you read this chapter, ask yourself what circumcision has to do with salvation. Listen as the Jerusalem council debates the necessity of this Jewish law. I am not sure any woman can fully appreciate the request of the Pharisees!
And Peter, the Peter we know and love from chapter 10, opens his mouth again and goes to bat for the Gentiles. You will have to read this chapter for yourself to see what the judgment is and to understand the letter the council writes to the Gentiles who have confused and unsettled minds. At the close of the meeting, many brothers rejoice and are sent off in peace. Despite the debate and another shocking twist at the end of the chapter with Barnabas and Paul, the Gospel goes forward and the message is preached, strengthening the churches to the ends of the earth.
Paul talks about burdening the Gentile believers with a yoke that neither they nor their ancestors were able to bear. What is this yoke and why should new converts not have to adhere to it? What does it represent?
After seeking the Holy Spirit’s guidance, the council ruled that new believers would not be required to get circumcised, but they would need to abstain from four other practices. Why were these four regulations so important for believers to follow? These are in the Jewish law, but so is circumcision. So what is the difference?
In Iconium, Paul and Barnabas speak in the synagogues. Many Jews and Greeks believe, but those who didn't cause division among the brothers. Eventually, though they did stay a long time, they fled to Lystra to avoid a stoning.
In Lystra, there was a crippled man from birth whose faith was seen by Paul. He sprang up and began to walk when his faith made him well.
The people of Lystra hear and see this miracle and begin to worship Paul and Barnabas, calling them Zeus and Hermes.
Paul and Barnabas are greatly grieved that the people are worshiping man and not God and they spoke boldly and urged them to turn from these idols. Sadly, the people were barely restrained.
Jews from Antioch, Pisidia, and Iconium stoned Paul and left him for dead.
The disciples gather around Paul, he rises up and they all continue to preach, returning confidently back to Lystra, Iconium, and Antioch.
After encouraging believers in each town to continue in their faith, Paul and Barnabas eventually returned to Antioch, Syria (yes, there are two Antioch's). Upon arrival, they declared all that the Lord had done, including how he had opened a door of faith for the Gentiles.
“...they should seek God, and perhaps feel their way toward him and find him. Yet he is actually not far from each one of us, for ‘In him, we live and move and have our being’; as even some of your own poets have said, ‘For we are indeed his offspring.’ '” — Acts 17:27-28
Not much should surprise us anymore, but in chapter 14 you will be in awe again! Be ready to note the way the Lord is directing Paul and Barnabas and how with tenacity they continue to speak boldly for the Lord. Look for their devotion as you read this week, especially in the face of opposition.
In Lystra, we meet another man crippled from birth (remember Acts 3?). Unlike last time, when this crowd sees him jump up and walk, they begin to scream. Do they give God glory, do they even acknowledge his mighty hand? Check out the response of the crowds and be prepared for a throwback to your high school Ancient Greece class.
Fed up with the message that Paul continues to proclaim—that Jesus is the Messiah—Jews and the crowds, drag Paul out of the city and leave him for dead. If you were Paul, would you give up? Next to death, what would it take for you to back down or give up the mission God has required of you? Reading on, take note of how Paul ends his first missionary journey and the response of the church when they return back to Antioch.
Seeing the power of the miracles that the Holy Spirit enabled them to perform, the crowd started worshipping Paul and Barnabas as gods. How does Paul and Barnabas’ response differ from Herod’s response to the people’s worship in Acts 12:20-23?
After Paul's stoning, he doesn't flee the city that stoned him, but instead, he returns to it. Through trial and tribulation, what can we learn from Paul's example?
The Church in Antioch sets apart Barnabas and Saul for the work of the Ministry that the Lord has called them to.
Barnabas and Saul sail to the island of Cyprus and Sergius Paulus, the intelligent proconsul, believes in Jesus, the Messiah.
The crew sets sail for Paphos and then Perga, where they say goodbye to John Mark and press on to Antioch of Pisidia.
In the synagogue on the Sabbath, the rulers invite the Brothers to speak a word of encouragement to the people and Paul preaches bold truth.
Miraculously, many Jews are converted and many beg for Paul to continue to preach the next Sabbath.
The crowds on the following Sabbath increase so that almost the entire city is present to hear the Word of God. The Jews grow jealous, and the Gentiles rejoice, for the light of salvation is for all who hear and believe, not just the Jews.
The Jews attempt persecution, but Paul, Barnabas, and the disciples shake the dust off as Jesus demonstrated and continue on their mission, filled with joy and the Holy Spirit.
“For so the Lord has commanded us, saying, ‘I have made you a light for the Gentiles, that you may bring salvation to the ends of the earth.'” — Acts 13:47
Just when we thought the excitement had reached an all-time high in Chapter 12 with jailbreaks and man-eating worms, we meet a man named Bar-Jesus (Elymas) and learn of his devious ways. Pay attention to how the Holy Spirit intervenes and what happens to this man. Does it remind you of anyone? Seriously, I hope you are following along with this reading!
Paul's first missionary journey is off to a rousing start and his passion to share the gospel, and proclaim the word of God, is also growing. The second half of chapter thirteen demonstrates this passion as Paul speaks in the synagogues, you will have to read and find out if he is stoned and beaten or urged to continue.
What tactics did Paul use to identify with the people in the synagogue and share the Gospel with them?
Some people were interested in Paul’s message and others were offended, rejected the Gospel, and drove Paul and Barnabas out of town. How did Paul and Barnabas respond to this rejection? Why?
Peter is placed in prison, but through earnest prayer by the church, He was rescued by the Angel of the Lord.
In his freedom, Peter visits the house of Mary, the mother of John and shocks the servant Girl Rhoda as well as the rest of those gathered and then travels on to Cesarea.
There was a great disturbance among the soldiers over what had happened to Peter. Herod demands a search.
Herod, delivers a speech and the people declare that this is the voice of a god and not of man. Because Herod doesn't correct them to give God glory, he is struck down and eaten by worms.
Despite all that has happened, the GOSPEL still goes forward and the word of God increases and is multiplied.
“For so the Lord has commanded us, saying, ‘I have made you a light for the Gentiles, that you may bring salvation to the ends of the earth.'” — Acts 13:47
Chapter 12 is such an exciting chapter! You don't want to miss it! It opens up with Herod seeking to destroy those who belong to the church, but it ends with the Lord destroying those who refuse to seek Him. I am telling you, some seriously bad stuff goes down, but the church just keeps growing! They've got the king after them in a fury, but God gets the last word over that king. I just have to leave you in suspense so that you GO READ IT for yourself. Martyrs, jail, crazy rescue, delirious joy, elevated kings, and death by worms...READ IT FOR YOURSELF and then share it with someone else.
In the beginning of Chapter 12, what helped Peter? Have you seen God answer the earnest prayers of believers who are united for one purpose? How did this increase your faith?
Early believers were often imprisoned for sharing the Gospel. Read 2 Timothy 2:9-10 and consider how Paul’s statement “the word of God is not bound” empowered the apostles to keep sharing the Good News in spite of persecution and imprisonment. How does Acts 12:24 support this?
We meet Cornelius, a Gentile centurion, who prays continually, gives generously, and fears God.
Cornelius sees a vision and is sent by an angel to Peter.
Peter is staying with a tanner, an occupation considered unclean by the Jews.
Before the message arrives, Peter has a vision.
The Lord commands Peter to "rise...kill and eat" and to not call common what God has made clean.
Peter agrees to meet with Cornelius and many of his close relatives and friends (Gentiles—do not call common what God makes clean).
Cornelius shares his vision with Peter.
Peter shares the Gospel with Cornelius, highlighting the cross of Christ and the resurrection. The good news is for ALL who believe.
The Holy Spirit falls on the Gentiles who heard the word, believed and they were baptized in the name of Jesus Christ.
Peter returns to Jerusalem with some fantastic news!
Peter is criticized by the circumcised Jews for going to uncircumcised men and eating with them.
Peter explains, in order, his vision and the events following.
The critics fall silent and glorify God, declaring that God has granted eternal life to the Gentiles too!
Back in Antioch, we hear of many Hellenists also coming to believe and repent.
We see Barnabas again and, encouraged by the growth in Antioch, he finds Saul and they both spend time with the new believers, called Christians.
A prophet named Agabus foretold of a famine to come, so the disciples send relief to those living in Judea.